Persistence of Vision (PoV) based display using Arduino

Published on 18 Apr 2022. Written by Dineshkumar E

Persistence of Vision is a kind of optical illusion that happens in our brain. The human brain cannot process more than 10-12 images per second when it exceeds this number of images optical illusion is created. The same principle is used to make animated movies. 

In this electronics project, we are going to fabricate a PoV display using Arduino, motor and LED. We will synchronize the LED flashing with the motor speed to make a Pov display with the help of Arduino programming techniques. 

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SLNOTE
Components used:

Arduino Uno: It is a type of microcontroller board based on ATmega328P used to develop various projects. Since it is an open-source hardware platform a huge community is supporting it which makes it easy to solve all the problems. It can be programmed based on the requirement using C++ with the help of Arduino IDE.

DC motor: Here the motor is used to rotate the whole setup where the LED’s, battery and Arduino board are fixed.

LED: It is used to display the text as per the program. Minimum 8 LED’s are required to display a text. All the LED’s are soldered to a dotted board along with the resistors using a soldering gun.

SLLATEST
Project Implementation:

Solder the LED’s to the PCB with the resistors and connect the LED’s positive to the Arduino board’s pin 6,7,8,9,10,11, 12 and 13. Create a common ground for all the LED’s and connect it to the GND of Arduino. 

Connect the battery to the Arduino board via a switch. Place all the components on a wooden plate rigidly.

Now connect the whole setup to the DC motor with the help of gears to reduce the RPM. For motor, the power supply is given with different source. 

Write the program based on what you want to display and upload it to the Arduino board. Turn on the power to the Arduino board and then for the motor.

You can able to see the words are displayed as per the programming. Here the programming is done to turn ON/OFF the LED’s which overlaps with different images formed by creating an illusion. Below is a sample code that shows how the letters are formed by turning ON/OFF the LED’s:

  A  = 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0  1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  

  B  = 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1  1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0  

  C  = 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0  0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1  1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1  

  D  = 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1  0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0  

  E  = 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1  1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1  

  F  = 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0  1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0  

  G  = 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1  1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0  

  H  = 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0  0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  

  I   = 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1  1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1  

  J   = 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0  0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0  

  K  = 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0  0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1  

  L  = 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1  

  M  = 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0  0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  

  N  = 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0  0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  

  O  = 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0  1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1  1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0  

  P  = 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0  1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0  

  Q  = 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0  1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1  0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1  

  R  = 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0  1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1  

  S  = 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1  1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1  1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0  

  T  = 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0  1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0  

  U  = 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0  

  V  = 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0  0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1  0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0  

  W =  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0  0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  

  X  = 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1  0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0  0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1  

  Y  = 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0  0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1  0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0  

  Z  = 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1  1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1  1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1  

Below table represents the LED status for the letter E:

1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1	1,0,0,1,0,0,0,1	1,0,0,1,0,0,0,1	1,0,0,1,0,0,0,1	1,0,0,1,0,0,0,1
LED1 ON	LED1 ON	LED1 ON	LED1 ON	LED1 ON
LED2 ON	LED2 OFF	LED2 OFF	LED2 OFF	LED2 OFF
LED3 ON	LED3 OFF	LED3 OFF	LED3 OFF	LED3 OFF
LED4 ON	LED4 ON	LED4 ON	LED4 ON	LED4 ON
LED5 ON	LED5 OFF	LED5 OFF	LED5 OFF	LED5 OFF
LED6 ON	LED6 OFF	LED6 OFF	LED6 OFF	LED6 OFF
LED7 ON	LED7 OFF	LED7 OFF	LED7 OFF	LED7 OFF
LED8 ON	LED8 ON	LED8 ON	LED8 ON	LED8 ON

Application of POV:

• Used for Advertisements
• Signboards
• To create animated movies

SLDYK
Kit required to develop Persistence of Vision (PoV) based display using Arduino:

• Arduino
• LED
• DC motor

Technologies you will learn by working on Persistence of Vision (PoV) based display using Arduino:

• Arduino
• Embedded systems
• Electronic

Any Questions?